三段式片段弓技术打开咬合的三维非线性有限元模型的建立及生物力学分析

目的 建立三段式片段弓矫治技术的下颌牙列三维非线性有限元模型,分析计算压低辅弓的力学特性,初步探讨三段式片段弓矫治技术的生物力学特点。方法 利用薄层CT扫描技术,结合Mimics、CATIA、Anasys等专业软件建立含有三段式片段弓下颌牙列三维有限元模型。然后,在所建立的模型上通过Anasys软件中的非线性计算方法分析计算压低辅弓的力学特性及在三段式片段弓作用下下颌牙列的运动趋势和应力分布情况。结果 在5°～ 25°范围内,压低辅弓前端的力值随角度的增加而快速增大;在30°时达到最大（ 0.604 8 N）;在 30°～ 65°范围内,压低辅弓产生的力在0.59 N左右波动。三段式片段弓作用下,下颌侧切牙远中唇向倾斜并向龈方压入;第一磨牙则后倾明显并伴有牙冠的近中颊向远中舌向旋转;其余牙齿基本不发生移动。下颌牙列的应力集中区主要位于侧切牙根的唇侧颈1/3及第一磨牙根分叉处。结论 在适宜压入力的作用下,三段式片段弓技术能有效地压低前牙段,同时控制后牙段的伸长,有利于深覆,特别是高角、露龈笑或成年患者深覆的矫治。     

清肝利肠灌肠液合煎与分煎对大黄5种游离蒽醌含量的影响

目的：比较清肝利肠灌肠液合煎液与单煎液中芦荟大黄素、大黄酸、大黄素、大黄酚和大黄素甲醚的含量变化.方法：采用高效液相色谱法,色谱柱为Kromasil 100-5C18（250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm）,甲醇-0.1%磷酸溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,流速1.0 ml·min-1,检测波长254 nm.结果：芦荟大黄素、大黄酸、大黄素和大黄酚的在清肝利肠灌肠合煎液中的含量分别为0.172 8,0.662 5,0.233 0,0.173 9,0.052 9 mg·g-1;在单煎液中的含量分别为0.215 2,1.201 0,0.307 6,0.326 6,0.051 5 mg·g-1.结论：芦荟大黄素、大黄酸、大黄素和大黄酚的含量清肝利肠灌肠液单煎液高于合煎液,而大黄素甲醚的含量合煎液高于单煎液.     

经腹腔镜与经腹子宫切除术疗效比较

目的：比较腹腔镜与经腹子宫切除术的临床疗效、安全性以及并发症发生情况。方法对收治的154例有子宫切除指征患者采用非随机对照法分为两组,一组为观察组采用腹腔镜手术,另一组为对照组采用经腹手术;两组患者在年龄及病情上无明显差异;观察两组临床疗效、安全性及术中、术后并发症。结果观察组手术时间为（72．0±13．2）min,明显短于对照组的（98．0±20．7）min（t＝3．396,P＝0．021）;观察组术中出血量（96．0±75．4）mL,明显少于对照组的（159．4±98．0）mL（t＝9．680,P＝0．014）;观察组肛门排气时间（17．2±4．2）h,明显短于对照组的（28．6±6．1）h（t＝9．760,P＝0．013）;观察组平均住院日（5．2±1．9）d,明显短于对照组的（9．5±3．2）d（t＝-5．025,P＝0．018）;观察组镇痛药的使用率（3/89）明显低于开腹手术组的（48/78）（t＝-8．820,P＝0．000）。结论腹腔镜子宫切除术安全、有效。值得在临床推广,同时提高操作技能是减少并发症的关键。     

von Willebrand Factor: More Than a Regulator of Hemostasis and Thrombosis

von Willebrand factor (vWF) was first identified as an adhesive glycoprotein involved in hemostasis by Zimmermann in 1971. Since then, vWF has been shown to play a vital role in platelet adhesion, platelet binding to collagen and factor VIII protection. Recent studies have implicated vWF as a regulator of angiogenesis, smooth muscle cell proliferation, tumor cell metastasis and crosstalk in the immune system. In this review, we will discuss the aspects of vWF structure that facilitate its biological effects and speculate on its newly discovered and hypothesized roles in the pathogenesis of several diseases.     

Mitochondrial genes and genomes support a cryptic species of tapeworm within Taenia taeniaeformis

Taenia taeniaeformis is a globally distributed cestode, which uses felids as definitive and rodents as intermediate hosts. The complete mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of T. taeniaeformis from Germany (Tt-GER) was sequenced, and compared with that of another isolate from China (GenBank NC_014768; Tt-CHN), both taken from cats. Analysis of the two mtDNAs indicated that the isolates are significantly different from one another with 12.6% and 9.9% nucleotide and amino acid divergence between them, for concatenated protein-coding genes; overall difference based on a pairwise nucleotide alignment of complete mtDNAs was 11.8%. A phylogenetic analysis based on the 12 protein-coding genes of all available taeniid mtDNAs confirmed the two T. taeniaeformis isolates as sister taxa (likely separate species) and early divergent members of the genus, as suggested previously by morphology. Phylogenetic analysis of published fragments of mt genes rrnS, cox1 and nad1, which represent multiple geographic isolates of T. taeniaeformis also resolve two distinct clades that at present do not seem to be geographically isolated. Mean pairwise (nucleotide) differences between the two clades of T. taeniaeformis were approximately 11%, 10% and 13% in partial rrnS (182bp), cox1 (371bp) and nad1 (459bp) genes, respectively. Differences between entire mtDNAs and partial mt genes of the two T. taeniaeformis isolates are of a similar magnitude between established taeniid sister species. Tt-CHN differs from all other Taenia mtDNAs in lacking a short (～69bp) non-coding region between trnY and trnL1. Partial mt fragment analysis highlighted likely misidentifications of T. taeniaeformis on GenBank.     

银屑病皮损中细胞凋亡的原位标记检测与bcl-2的表达

目的　探讨细胞凋亡与银屑病发病的关系。方法　用末端脱氧核苷酰转移酶 (Td T)介导的 d- U TP-生物素缺口末端标记技术 (TUNEL ) ,原位检测了银屑病皮损的凋亡角朊细胞 ,应用免疫过氧化酶技术研究了正常人皮肤与银屑病皮损的 p5 3蛋白、增殖细胞核抗原 (PCNA)和 bcl- 2的表达。结果银屑病表皮各层中 ,大量角朊细胞呈现出细胞凋亡的形态学和生化特征。基底层及表皮中下部各层大量角朊细胞 PCNA染色强阳性 ,基底层中 bcl- 2阳性细胞明显减少。结论　在银屑病皮损中角朊细胞凋亡增加 ,推测可能是针对细胞过度增殖的一种稳态机理     

基于PI3K/PDK1/Akt信号通路研究丹参-红花药对对寒凝血瘀型心肌缺血大鼠的保护作用及机制

目的 研究丹参-红花药对对异丙肾上腺素（isoprenaline hydrochloride,ISO）诱导的心肌缺血大鼠的保护作用及其机制。方法 大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、复方丹参滴丸（73 mg/kg）组和丹参-红花低、中、高剂量（4、8、16 g/kg）组,给予相应药物干预7 d。于第6天开始ig药物1 h后,大鼠于0℃的冰浴中寒冷刺激4 min,sc ISO(85 mg/kg),连续2 d。采用2,3,5-氯化三苯基四氮唑（2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride,TTC）染色法测定各组大鼠心肌梗死面积;采用TUNEL法检测各组大鼠心肌细胞凋亡情况;采用苏木素-伊红（HE）染色法观察各组大鼠心肌组织病理变化;采用ELISA法检测各组大鼠血浆中肌酸激酶同工酶（creatine kinase,CK）、天冬氨酸转氨酶（aspartate aminotransferase,AST）、乳酸脱氢酶（lactate dehydrogenase,LDH）、CK-肌红蛋白（myoglobin,MB）活性及心肌肌钙蛋白-Ⅰ(cardiac troponin-Ⅰ,CTn...     

Efficacy of scleral-fixated 3-looped haptics intraocular lens implantation for surgical management of microspherophakia

AIM: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of scleral-fixated 3-looped haptics intraocular lens (IOL) implantation for surgical management of microspherophakia. METHODS: A retrospective case series include 10 microspherophakic patients (15 eyes) who underwent lens removal plus a modified surgical treatment of scleral-fixated 3-looped haptics IOL implantation. The primary outcomes involved visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP). Secondary outcomes were spherical equivalent (SE), anterior chamber depth (ACD), corneal endothelial cell density and postoperative complications. RESULTS: After a postoperative follow-up of 17.60±15.44mo, improved visual outcomes can be observed. The uncorrected distance visual acuity (UCVA) logMAR improved from 1.54±0.59 preoperatively to 0.51±0.35 postoperatively (P=0.001), and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) logMAR improved from 0.97±0.91 preoperatively to 0.24±0.23 postoperatively (P=0.003). Moreover, the SE decreased from -9.58±7.47D preoperatively to -0.65±2.21 D postoperatively (P<0.001). In terms of safety profile, the average IOP decreased from 21.10±12.94 mm Hg preoperatively to 14.03±3.57 mm Hg postoperatively (P=0.044), and the previously elevated IOP of three eyes decreased to the normal range. The ACD increased from 2.25±1.45 mm preoperatively to 3.35±0.39 mm postoperatively (P=0.017). The density of corneal endothelial cells did not change significantly after surgery (P=0.140). The posterior chamber IOLs were well centered and no severe complications were found. CONCLUSION: Lens removal plus the modified surgical treatment of scleral-fixated 3-looped haptics IOL implantation can help in improvement of visual acuity, which can be regarded as a relative safe method for the surgical management of microspherophakia.     

68Ga-FAPI PET/CT在恶性肿瘤中的临床应用

成纤维细胞激活蛋白（FAP）作为肿瘤相关成纤维细胞（CAFs）的分子标志物之一,在激活的CAFs中高度特异性表达。FAP具有促进肿瘤侵袭、转移和免疫逃逸的作用,可作为恶性肿瘤诊疗的重要靶点。镓-68标记的FAP抑制剂（68Ga-FAPI）是基于FAP合成的小分子探针,经PET/CT显像可实现FAP在体内的可视化。目前,68Ga-FAPI PET/CT已成功应用于神经胶质瘤、食管癌、肝细胞癌和胰腺导管腺癌等恶性肿瘤的诊断和分期。笔者综述了68Ga-FAPI PET/CT在恶性肿瘤中的临床应用情况。